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Rev. med. Risaralda ; 26(1): 61-67, ene.-jun. 2020. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1127004

ABSTRACT

Resumen Introducción: Durante el alta hospitalaria es importante que el enfermero identifique los cuidados que requiere el paciente, permitiéndole guiar intervenciones mediante el plan de alta que fomenta el autocuidado, enfocado a necesidades específicas de cada persona, para prevenir complicaciones y disminuir reingresos. Objetivo: Evaluar la ejecución del plan de alta por los profesionales de enfermería en los servicios de medicina interna y quirúrgicas del Hospital San José, Popayán durante el año 2017. Materiales y métodos : Estudio de tipo cuantitativo, diseño descriptivo y transversal. La población conformada por los enfermeros de los servicios de medicina interna y quirúrgicas del Hospital San José y pacientes con alta programada de 24 horas o menos antes del egreso hospitalario. Resultados: La información se recolectó por medio de un instrumento de valoración realizado a participantes que cumplen con criterios de inclusión. El 94,7% de los pacientes tenían egreso programado, de estos 58,6% recibieron indicaciones en las últimas 48 horas sobre los cuidados en casa y el 100% manifestaron entender las recomendaciones brindadas por el enfermero. Respecto al profesional de enfermería el 100% refiere no conocer alguna metodología para elaborar el plan de alta y el 80% no conoce si en la institución existe un procedimiento de egreso y seguimiento al paciente. Conclusiones: El plan de alta es un proceso que no se encuentra estandarizado y por lo tanto no es evaluado en la institución, el personal de Enfermería se limita a brindar educación sobre las indicaciones médicas de egreso y no sobre un plan de alta propio de Enfermería.


Abstract: Introduction: When the patients are going to be discharged from the hospital, the nurses must execute the discharge plan based on their specific needs. It is essential to promote self-care in patients to prevent future medical complications and readmissions. Objective: To evaluate the implementation of the discharge plan by the nursing professionals in the internal medicine and surgical services at the San José hospital in Popayán, Colombia, in 2017. Materials and methods: This quantitative study has a descriptive and transversal design. The research population is composed of nurses from the internal medicine and surgical services from the San José Hospital and patients that are going to be discharged from the clinic in 24 hours or less. Results: The information was collected by using an instrument that was designed for the participants to confirm if they fit the inclusion criteria. According to collected data, 94.7% of the patients had scheduled discharges, 58.6% of them had received indications in the last 48 hours before the discharge on how the self-care routines must be followed at home. Additionally, 100% of people said they understood the recommendations given by the nurses. Finally, 100% of the nursing professionals claimed that they did not know any methodology to prepare the discharge plan, and about 80% of them did not know about the existence of a patient's exit procedure and patient's medical follow-up in the institution. Conclusions: The patient discharge plan is not standardized, so it is not evaluated in the institution. The nursing staff is focused only on explaining the medical indications, but they are not focused on creating their discharge plans.


Subject(s)
Humans , Patient Discharge , Patients , Self Care , Aftercare , Hospitals , Nursing Staff , Health Services Needs and Demand , Nurses
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